A new camera from parkside with a 1m long endoscope arrived on my desk. I needed to solve the extension to at least a few meters, so I took the camera apart and examined it. The endoscope itself contains LEDs for lighting and a USB camera, but working with voltage 3.6. The JST-5 connector on the board is connected starting with the black wire and ending with the red one as follows

1 - GND
2 - LED +V
3 - DATA-
4 - DATA+
5 - VCC 3.6V

Connector type for the endoscope is "MINI DIN 5"

1 - LED+
2 - VCC 3.6V
3 - Data+
4 - GND
5 - Data-

A web camera and a digital USB microscope connected instead of an endoscope work without any problems. There are a lot of USB endoscopic cameras on aliexpress with a cable of several meters, so this cheap camera can be used even over longer distances or other uses.